نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیئت علمی بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی همدان

2 عضو هیئت علمی دفتر پژوهش های برنامه‌ریزی، اقتصاد کشاورزی و توسعه روستایی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی همدان

3 استاد دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شیراز

چکیده

با توجه به گسترش سیستم‌های آبیاری تحت فشار در سال­های اخیر و مصرف انرژی بیشتر در این سیستم‌ها برای تولید فشار مورد نیاز سیستم، در این تحقیق مصرف انرژی، تلفات، و بازده مجموع انرژی درایستگاه­های پمپاژ آبیاری بارانی دیزلی و برقی برخی از مزارع استان­ همدان بررسی شد.  برای مقایسه عملکرد ایستگاه­های پمپاژ آبیاری بارانی، از معیار پمپاژ نبراسکا استفاده شد.  نتایج اندازه­گیری‌­ها در 17 مزرعه نشان داد که متوسط بازده مجموع انرژی در ایستگاه­های پمپاژ برقی 6/46 درصد (6/70 درصد معیار نبراسکا) و در ایستگا­ه­های دیزلی 7/12 درصد (9/52 درصد معیار نبراسکا) بود.  میانگین مصرف سوخت اضافی در مزارع دارای ایستگاه دیزلی 9/3 لیتر گازوئیل در ساعت و در ایستگاه پمپاژ برقی 1/12 کیلو وات- ساعت بود.  متوسط بازده الکتروموتور و پمپ­­ها در ایستگاه­های پمپاژ آبیاری بارانی که مستقیم به چاه وصل نیستند به ترتیب 4/92 و 2/42 درصد به دست آمد که بازده الکتروموتورها بالاتر از معیار نبراسکا بود.  از عوامل مؤثر بر کاهش بازده مجموع مصرف انرژی را می­توان استفاده نکردن از پمپ یا موتور با ظرفیت مناسب، استهلاک موتور و پمپ، و نصب نادرست تجهیزات ایستگاه پمپاژ دانست.

عنوان مقاله [English]

Efficiency and Energy Consumption in Sprinkler Irrigation Pumping Plants in Some Fields in Hamadan Province

چکیده [English]

Pressurized irrigation is a recent development that consumes more energy for the pressure produced. In this
study, energy consumption, waste and efficiency were investigated at a diesel and electrical sprinkler
irrigation pumping plant in some fields in Hamadan province during 2007-8. Nebraska performance criteria
(NPC) were used to compare sprinkler irrigation pumping plant performance. The results showed that the
average overall energy efficiency for 17 fields for the electrical pumping plants was 46.6% (70.6% NPC)
and 12.7% for the diesel pumping plants (52.9% NPC). Average fuel wastage for the diesel and electrical
pumping plants was 3.9 l diesel per h and 12.1 kWh, respectively. The average electromotor and pump
efficiency were 92.4% and 42.2%, respectively, at the sprinkler irrigation pumping plant that did not
connect directly to a well. Only the average electromotor efficiency was greater than the NPC. Factors
affecting the overall energy efficiency reduction were improper pump or motor size, a worn-out pump or
motor, and incorrect installation of a pump or motor.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Energy Wastes
  • Nebraska Performance Criteria
  • Overall energy efficiency
  • Pumping Plant
  • Sprinkler Irrigation
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