نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی مازندران

2 گروه تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه گنبدکاووس، گنبدکاووس، ایران

3 استادیار گروه تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه گنبدکاووس، گنبدکاووس، ایران

4 دانشیار بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی مازندران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ساری، ایران

چکیده

کلزا با داشتن ترکیبات متوازنی از اسیدهای چرب اشباع و غیر اشباع در زمره با کیفیت‌ترین روغن‌هاست. به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر مدیریت‌های مختلف زراعی بر میزان پروتئین، کیفیت و عملکرد روغن و دانۀ کلزا، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با 3 تکرار در سال زراعی 1397-1396 در ایستگاه تحقیقات بایع‌کلا شهرستان نکا اجرا شد. عامل‌های مورد بررسی شامل آرایش کاشت در دو سطح یک و دو ردیفه و کنترل علف هرز در 7 سطح شامل کاربرد علف‌کش تریفلورالین 2.5 لیتر در هکتار قبل از کاشت و مخلوط با خاک، علف‌کش کوئین‌مراک + متازاکلر به‌میزان 2.5 لیتر در هکتار به­صورت پیش رویشی، ترکیب علف‌کش تریفلورالین 2.5 لیتر در هکتار با کوئین‌مراک + متازاکلر 2.5 لیتر در هکتار، علف‌کش کلوپیرالید 1 لیتر در هکتار + علف‌کش هالوکسی‌فوپ آر متیل 0.8 لیتر در هکتار پس رویشی، علف‌کش پاراکوات 2 لیتر در هکتار در مرحلۀ 4 تا 6 برگی علف‌های هرز و تیمار وجین و بدون کنترل علف‌های هرز بودند. نتایج بررسی­ها نشان داد که با تغییر در آرایش کاشت و استفاده از علف‌کش پاراکوات به صورت هدایت شده در کشت دو ردیفه، پروتئین دانۀ کلزا به میزان 21.31 درصد، اسید لینولنیک 24.22 درصد، اسید لینولئیک 10.08 درصد، عملکرد روغن 78.46 درصد و عملکرد دانه کلزا نیز 78.48 درصد نسبت به شاهد افزایش  ومیزان اسید پالمتیک 11.06 درصد کاهش
یافته­است. بنابراین با مدیریت زراعی کلزا و تنظیم فاصلۀ ردیف  کاشت برای بهره‌گیری از علف‌کش پاراکوات
 به­صورت هدایت شده می‌توان علاوه بر کنترل علف‌های هرز هم­خانوادۀ کلزا، موجب افزایش درصد پروتئین، اسیدهای چرب غیر اشباع، عملکرد روغن و دانۀ کلزا شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Different Crop Management on Protein Content, Fatty Acids, Oil and Seed Yield of Canola

چکیده [English]

Rapeseed contains one of the highest quality oils with balanced components of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. During the 2018-2019 academic year, the Bayekola Agricultural Research Station in Neka City conducted a randomized complete block design experiment with three replications. Factors included planting arrangement in two levels: one-row and two-row; and weed control in seven levels of application of herbicides: Treflan lontral herbicide 1 liter per hectare before planting and mixed with soil; butisan star 2.5 liters per hectare before planting and before emergence of rapeseed and weeds; lontral herbicide 1 liter per hectare in stages of 2 to 4 leaves of weeds; paraquat herbicide 2 liters per hectare in stages of 4 to 6 weed leaves; weed control and without weed control. The results showed that changing the arrangement of planting and application of guided herbicide in two rows increased canola seed protein percentage by 21.31%, linoleic acid by 24.22%, linoleic acid by 10.08%, oil yield and yield of canola by 78.46% and 78.48%, respectively. Also, palmitic acid decreased by 11.06% when application of this treatment was made. Therefore, by managing canola agronomy and adjusting the row spacing to utilize guided herbicide paraquat, in addition to weed control, canola also increased protein content, unsaturated fatty acids, oil yield, and rapeseed grain.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Planting arrangement
  • Palmitic acid
  • Linoleic acid
  • Linolenic acid
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